1/2/2024 0 Comments Melatonin for covid insomnia![]() ![]() Melatonin interacts with numerous cellular proteins such as signaling molecules, transporters, channels, and enzymes ( Hemati et al., 2020 Liu et al., 2019). Circadian rhythm disruption interferes with nocturnal melatonin signals leading to the impairment of several physiologic cell actions and homeostatic metabolic rhythms causing acceleration of malignancy ( Stevens et al., 2014). This review aimed to summarize available data on melatonin therapeutic effects on viral infections with focus on coronaviruses, especially coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Īs mentioned earlier, melatonin is primarily secreted from the pineal gland during the dark period of a circadian cycle ( Dubocovich, 1988). These beneficial properties of melatonin may highlight this hypothesis that melatonin may exert further clinical outcomes for COVID-19 patients ( Zhang et al., 2020b). Melatonin can be beneficial in critically ill patients via reducing vessel permeability, inducing sedation, decreasing agitation and increasing sleep quality. It is well-known that melatonin as an anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory agent counters acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by viral and bacterial infections. In addition to possess diverse biological and therapeutic benefits, melatonin also has antiviral properties ( Silvestri and Rossi, 2013). Moreover, finding effective treatments for these diseases has been noticed. Viral infections are serious life-threatening and problematic human diseases which contribute to mortality and morbidity in individuals with primary immunodeficiency disorders across the world. Furthermore, as a complementary therapeutic agent, melatonin has shown beneficial effects in neonatal care, in vitro fertilization haemodialysis and anesthesia ( Sanchez-Barcelo et al., 2010). Melatonin is effective as a therapy for sleep disturbances, cardio-vascular diseases, ocular diseases and other pathologies. Melatonin protects mitochondria against free radicals, modulates mitochondrial permeability transition pore, effects on mitochondrial electron flux, and influences energy metabolism ( Mehrzadi et al., 2020). Melatonin has various properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-excitatory, sleep initiation, and immunoregulation ( Daryani et al., 2018 Hosseinzadeh et al., 2018a, 2019 Juybari et al., 2019). Numerous investigations have reported wide spectrum physiological and pharmacological functions for melatonin ( Bahrami et al., 2018 Dehdashtian et al., 2020 Mehrzadi et al., 2016). Melatonin, the main hormone secreted by the pineal gland, plays crucial roles in pharmacological and pathological conditions in both animals and humans ( Hosseinzadeh et al., 2016). ![]()
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